On The Shoulders Of Giants, Part 2: Stewart Wolf And The Pharmacology Of Placebos

BY: PAUL ENCK & SIBYLLE KLOSTERHALFEN | DECEMBER 6, 2018 In comparison to Henry Beecher’s much-cited paper, “The Powerful placebo,” of 1955 (1), Stewart Wolf’s paper, “The pharmacology  of placebos,” of 1959 (2) is today almost forgotten; it came along less spectacularly but more scientifically solid, hiding its implicit provocation (there is a biology underlying the placebo effects) behind a seemingly …